高階ECON-GDPA-019
In the expenditure approach, which list is the standard identity?
A. Consumption + investment + government spending + exports − imports.✓ 答案
B. Wages + rent + interest + profit only.
C. Consumption + imports + taxes.
D. Money supply + government spending.
解說
The expenditure identity is C + I + G + X − M. Imports are subtracted because they are in C, I or G but were not produced at home. The income approach uses factor incomes; that is a different way of measuring the same production, not a substitute list of expenditures. Money supply is not an expenditure component.