中等ECON-MONE-005
Why might a bank hold reserves above the required ratio?
A. The simple multiplier requires every bank to hold excess reserves
B. Withdrawals are uncertain, or creditworthy loan demand is weak✓ 答案
C. Excess reserves are themselves loans to customers
D. A higher interest rate raises the transactions demand for reserves one-for-one
解說
Excess reserves are a choice: a buffer against withdrawals, weak loan demand, or liquidity needs. They are not lent out, so they make deposit creation smaller than the simple multiplier. The multiplier does not instruct banks to hold them.